南昌大学刘成梅教授团队发表封面文章

南昌大学食品学院刘成梅教授、陈婷婷副研究员等在国际期刊《Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry》发表了题为“Interactive Effects of Arabinoxylan Oligosaccharides and Green Tea Polyphenols on Obesity Management and Gut Microbiota Modulation in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice”封面文章。

超重和肥胖的日益流行构成了一个重大的全球健康挑战，具有深远的影响。这些状况与许多非传染性疾病的发作有关，包括 2 型糖尿病、心血管疾病和某些癌症，从而降低了生活质量。越来越多的证据表明，肠道微生物的组成和功能与肥胖的发病机制密切相关。饮食成分，如不可消化的低聚糖，已被证明可以通过影响营养吸收、肠道功能和肠道微生物的调节来减轻肥胖的进展。多酚，包括在绿茶中发现的那些多酚，，直接和间接通过与肠道微生物的相互作用，也具有抗肥胖的益处。然而，在肥胖管理中，将不可消化的低聚糖和多酚结合使用所产生的协同或拮抗作用，仍知之甚少。

考虑到阿拉伯木聚糖低聚糖(AXOS)和绿茶多酚(GTP)独自抗肥胖作用，探究它们的结合作用具有较大的科学意义。本研究旨在阐明这两种化合物同时给药是否表现出协同、累加或拮抗相互作用。该研究考察了AXOS和GTP 单独或联合对高脂饮食诱导的肥胖小鼠模型中肥胖相关参数的影响。该研究旨在揭示潜在机制，包括抑制食物摄入、肠道微生物组的改变和短链脂肪酸的产生，以更清晰地了解它们在体重管理中的潜在作用。

图形摘要

Figure 1. Effect of AXOS and GTP supplementation on body weight and glucose metabolism in mice. (A) Body weight over the 8-week intervention period. (B) Final body weight at week 8. (C) Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) blood glucose levels at week 8. (D) Area under the curve (AUC) values calculated from the OGTT curve. Data were analyzed using a one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s posthoc test (n = 8). Different letters indicate statistical differences between groups. Differences were considered significant at P < 0.05. AXOS: arabinoxylan oligosaccharides; GTP: green tea polyphenols; A + G: combination of AXOS and GTP.

Figure 3. Effects of AXOS and GTP supplementation on body composition and lipid profile in mice. (A) Adipose tissue weight including perirenal, subcutaneous, mesenteric, and epididymal fat. Representative images of hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained (B) epididymal adipose tissue and (C) liver sections (inflammatory sites are circled). (D) Representative images of Oil Red-O-stained liver sections. (E) Mean area of epididymal adipose tissue. (F) Proportion of liver lipid droplet (%). (G) Serum total triglycerides (TG). (H) Total cholesterol (TC). (I) Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c). (J) High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c). Data were analyzed using a one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s posthoc test (n = 8). Different letters indicate statistical differences between groups. Differences were considered significant at P < 0.05. AXOS: arabinoxylan oligosaccharides; GTP: green tea polyphenols; A + G: combination of AXOS and GTP.

Figure 4. Effects of AXOS and GTP supplementation on the mRNA expression of genes involved in lipogenesis and fatty acid oxidation. (A) Relative expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS), sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1α (CPT-1α), and PPARα in liver tissue. (B) Relative mRNA expression of FAS, SREBP-1c, PPAR-γ, CPT-1α, PPAR-α, and CD36 in the epididymal adipose tissue. Data were analyzed using a one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s posthoc test (n = 8). Different letters indicate statistical differences between groups. Differences were considered significant at P < 0.05. AXOS: arabinoxylan oligosaccharides; GTP: green tea polyphenols; A + G: combination of AXOS and GTP.

Figure 5. Effects of AXOS and GTP supplementation on the short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) profile in mice feces. (A) Total SCFA concentrations. (B) Acetate concentrations. (C) Propionate concentrations. (D) Butyrate concentrations. Data were analyzed using a one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s posthoc test (n = 8). Different letters indicate statistical differences between groups. Differences were considered significant at P < 0.05. AXOS: arabinoxylan oligosaccharides; GTP: green tea polyphenols; A + G: combination of AXOS and GTP.

Figure 6. Effects of AXOS and GTP supplementation on gut microbiota composition in mice. (A) Principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) plots based on unweighted UniFrac distance matrices and assessed by PERMANOVA. (B) PCoA plots based on weighted UniFrac distance matrices. (C) α diversity represented by the Shannon index. (D) Relative abundance of gut microbiota at the phylum level. (E) Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio. (F) Relative abundance of gut microbiota at the genus level. Data were analyzed using a Kruskal–Wallis H test with Dunn’s test for posthoc comparisons (n = 8). Different letters indicate statistical differences between groups. Differences were considered significant at P < 0.05. AXOS: arabinoxylan oligosaccharides; GTP: green tea polyphenols; A + G: combination of AXOS and GTP.

Figure 7. Effects of AXOS and GTP supplementation on selected gut microbiota and their correlations with physiological parameters in mice. (A) Bacterial taxa with significant differences analyzed by linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe; LDA score >4). (B) Cladogram representing the taxonomic distributions between groups determined by LEfSe analysis. (C) Bacteria genera identified as differentially abundant among diet groups using the random forest algorithm. Relative abundances of (D) Oscillospira, (E) Bacteroides, (F) Allobaculum, (G) Bifidobacterium, (H) Akkermansia, and (I) Lactobacillus in feces. (J) Heatmap showing Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients between selected intestinal microbiota and obesity-related phenotypes in mice. (K) Upregulated functional pathways predicted by PICRUSt2 in the A + G group compared to AXOS group. Data were analyzed using a Kruskal–Wallis H test with Dunn’s test for posthoc comparisons (n = 8). Different letters indicate statistical differences between groups. Differences were considered significant at P < 0.05. AXOS: arabinoxylan oligosaccharides; GTP: green tea polyphenols; A + G: combination of AXOS and GTP. Color scale represents the correlation coefficient (red = positive, blue = negative correlations, * P < 0.05).

Figure 8. In vitro effects of AXOS and GTP on fermentation parameters and gut microbial community. (A) Cumulative gas production kinetics. (B) Changes in pH over fermentation time. (C) Principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) plot based on weighted UniFrac distances of microbial communities. (D) Summary of differentially abundant genus-level taxa. (E–H) Relative abundances of (E) Bifidobacterium, (F) Bacteroides, (G) Faecalibacterium, and (H) Roseburia. Gas production and pH were analyzed using a one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s posthoc test (n = 3). Microbial abundance was analyzed using a Kruskal–Wallis H test with Dunn’s test for posthoc comparisons (n = 3). Different letters indicate statistical differences between groups. Differences were considered significant at P < 0.05. AXOS: arabinoxylan oligosaccharides; 0.4G, 1.2G, 2G: green tea polyphenols at 0.4, 1.2, and 2 mg/mL, respectively; A + 0.4G, A + 1.2G, A + 2G: combination of AXOS and 0.4, 1.2, and 2 mg/mL of GTP, respectively.

https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.4c02022

来源：食品放大镜